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971.
J.A. Clement D.W. Parry 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》1998,104(4):323-330
Fungal colonisation of winter wheat cv. Cadenza by Fusarium culmorum, F. graminearum and Microdochium nivale was studied under conditions designed to avoid the splash dispersal of conidia from infested compost, to evaluate the possibility that systemic growth may transfer infection from the stem-base to the head. At decimal growth stages 33, 59, 77–87 and 95 the extent of fungal growth was assessed using a sample of 72 plants, by the recovery of fungal species from the stem-base, from each node and from the ear. Each of the fungi was recovered from stem tissues above soil level in some, apparently symptomless, plants. Symptoms of Fusarium foot rot were seen in an increasing proportion of plants during grain-fill and desiccation. There was an inverse relationship between recovery and the height above stem-base from which the stem tissue was excised. F. culmorum was the most frequently isolated fungus and it was also recovered from the highest position in plants. Only 3% of plants were colonised above the second node and none of the fungal species were recovered from either the fifth node or the ear. This suggests that colonisation and systemic growth from Fusarium infested compost is unlikely to contribute to the development of ear blight symptoms in winter wheat. 相似文献
972.
G.M.L.W. Kroes E. Sommers W. Lange 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》1998,104(6):561-568
Two types of in vitro seedling tests were developed to evaluate resistance in flax (Linum usitatissimum) against Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. lini. In the first test a solid medium was used. The second test was based on a liquid medium. Disease severity was assessed after three weeks, using the observed reduction of plant length as a scale. Both methods proved to be useful for screening for resistance, for evaluating race specificity of resistance and for studying symptomatology. The solid medium method proved to be the more accurate for the screening, but the liquid medium method was much less time- and labour-consuming. The results of the tests were significantly correlated with observations under field conditions. 相似文献
973.
陆生固氮蓝藻对土壤环境的影响 总被引:8,自引:2,他引:6
我们于1988-1990-年通过野外调查和室外试验,探讨了陆生固氮蓝藻对土壤环境的影响。试验证明,陆生固氮蓝藻可以利用空气中的分子态氮合成氮素化合物,不断地加富土壤中的氮化物。同时,由于它们大量的繁殖和死亡腐解也增加了土壤中的有机物质使土肿微生物的生长和活动更加旺盛,土 相似文献
974.
坡长对径流及侵蚀的影响 总被引:15,自引:0,他引:15
张家口市水保试验站坡长小区五年观测资料表明,降雨强度影响径流量、侵蚀量随坡长的变化。降雨强度较小时,径流量不能用坡长与降雨强度的乘积代替,侵蚀量随坡长增加较慢。降雨强度较大时,径流量可用坡长与降雨强度的乘积代替,侵蚀量方程中坡长指数较大。 相似文献
975.
杨幼树水分生理指标和光合强度与土壤含水量关系的研究 总被引:12,自引:0,他引:12
应用盆栽法研究了土壤含水量与杨幼树的水分饱和亏缺,叶水势,蒸腾强度和光合强度各项指标的关系。通过研究,划定了水分胁迫等级,适宜、基本适宜和不适宜杨树生长的土壤含水量界限,还划定了需要灌溉补水的土壤含水量临界值及补水后应达到的界限。 相似文献
976.
977.
脱防冻剂方法对牛体外受精胚胎冷冻后成活率的影响 总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10
为了观察脱防冻剂方法对牛体外受精冷冻胚胎在体内、外发育率的影响,应用常规冷冻法在0.75mol/L甘油+0.5mol/L丙二醇溶液中冷冻受精后7、8d的囊胚,解冻后在0.25、0.5mol/L蔗糖液中二步或在0.25mol/L蔗糖液中三步脱防冻剂的胚胎孵化率(分别为68.6%、62.2%、68.7%)与用PBS/FCS六步脱防冻剂的差异不显著(70.4%,P>0.05),但在0.5mol/L蔗糖液中三步脱防冻剂后,孵化率显著降低(47.6%,P<0.01)。用0.25mol/L或0.5mol/L蔗糖或海藻糖预先使胚胎脱水后冷冻,解冻后可使胚胎直接在PBS中一步脱掉防冻剂,胚胎孵化率(45.0%~49.5%)与在0.25mol/L蔗糖液中二步脱防冻剂的相似(51.5%,P>0.05)。移植试验表明,在0.25mol/L蔗糖液中二步脱防冻剂获得的妊娠率与六步脱防冻剂相似,与在PBS中一步脱防冻剂的亦无明显差异,但妊娠率均偏低(21.4%~37.5%)。 相似文献
978.
土壤低温对嫁接黄瓜生理生化特性的影响 总被引:31,自引:2,他引:29
黄瓜嫁接及自根植株在结果初期经11~13℃土壤低温处理1周后,根系中酶的活性降低,根系生长受到抑制,伤流速率降低,伤流液中矿质元素含量明显减少,地上部生长也受到抑制,叶绿素含量减少,叶片水势降低,气孔阻力和细胞间隙CO2浓度增大,光合速率和蒸腾速率降低。嫁接植株各项测定指标均优于自根植株。由此得出,土壤低温通过根系对整个植株产生了不良影响;嫁接能够增强根系抗土壤低温的能力。 相似文献
979.
干旱区盐渍化沙地梨的定植技术初探 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
该研究,探讨了干旱区盐渍化沙地上,苗木类型,定植方式,生存环境地梨树定植成活率的影响。杜梨苗经耐盐性锻炼后再定植于土壤含量盐量≥0.55%的沙地上,其成活率可达88.3%-93.0%,定植的平均有效成本降低16.40元/666.7m^2。杜梨苗直接定植比植梨砧木成品苗的成活率高17.0%,沟植的树行内土壤全盐量比穴植的低0.62%,二者苗木成活率差异明显。梨园行间种植甜菜的苹果梨年生长量为行间土地 相似文献
980.
《植物养料与土壤学杂志》2017,180(3):381-388
The aim of this research was to investigate the effect of biochar amendment on soil acidity and other physico‐chemical properties of soil in Southern Ethiopia using a field experiment of three treatments: (1) biochar made of corn cobs, (2) biochar made of chopped Lantana camara stem, and (3) biochar made of Eucalyptus globulus feedstock and a control, in which neither of the biochar was used. Each treatment had three levels of 6, 12 and 18 t ha−1. The experiment was setup with RCBD in a factorial arrangement with three replications. In this regard, a total of 36 plots (each 2 × 2 m size) were applied with three replications to the depth of 0–15cm. From these 36 plots, composite soil samples were collected to the depth of 0–30 cm and analyzed for bulk density, total porosity, pH, soil organic carbon, total nitrogen, available phosphorus, potassium, and exchangeable acidity using standard procedures before and after biochar application. Two‐way ANOVA was also used to analyze the impact of the biochars on soil acidity and other properties. For the treatments that had significant effects, a mean separation was made using Least Significance Difference (LSD) test. The results showed the application of biochar significantly reduced, soil bulk density and exchangeable acidity when compared with a control (p < 0.05). Moreover, the total soil porosity, soil pH, total nitrogen, soil organic carbon, available phosphorus, and potassium were significantly increased in the soil. From among applied biochar treatments, Lantana camara applied at the level of 18 t ha−1 had a higher impact in changing soil physico‐chemical properties. In general, the study suggests that the soil acidity can be reduced by applying biochar as it can amend other soil physico‐chemical properties. 相似文献